The Geological Survey of Pakistan (GSP) is an attached department of the Ministry of Energy (Petroleum Division), Government of Pakistan. It was established, at the time of independence in 1947, with only 5 Muslim geologists of the Geological Survey of India who opted for Pakistan. It is a national organization that, as per its charter, is primarily responsible for the collection and dissemination of geological information about the country so that the earth’s resources could be best exploited and utilized. The geological information is compiled and disseminated in the form of geological reports and maps. Geological maps provide a bird’s eye view of the surface (and subsurface) distribution of various types of rocks and economic minerals that are found in a particular region. These maps are, thus, essential for all future detailed geological works including, mineral exploration, civil engineering, soil surveys, land use, and soil conservation projects. Worldwide experience suggests that geological maps on a 1:50,000 scale provide the most useful information and meet the requirement of most of the demands.
